ABSTRACT
Livedoid vasculopathy (LV) is a cutaneous manifestation of several diseases that lead to noninflammatory thrombosis of dermal vessels. We report the case of a 26-year-old female with a 4 years and 8 months-old history of diagnosis of LV and a non-healing ulcer of more than a year of evolution. Because of refractory response to standard care, low-pressure hyperbaric oxygen (LPHBOT) was added to the therapeutic scheme (azathiopine 2.5 mg/kg, folic acid and acetylsalicylic acid). After 12 sessions of LHBOT (60 min, 1.45 ATA ≈ 100% O2), ulcers achieved complete healing with significant pain relief and no recurrence was present over 6 months. More studies are necessary to determine the effectiveness of HBOT for LV treatment.
La vasculopatía livedoide (VL) es una manifestación cutánea de varias enfermedades que conducen a una trombosis no inflamatoria de los vasos dérmicos. Se presenta el caso de una mujer de 26 años con antecedente de diagnóstico de vasculopatía livedoide de 4 años y 8 meses, además de una úlcera no cicatrizante de más de un año de evolución. Debido a la respuesta refractaria a la atención estándar, se añadió oxígeno hiperbárico a baja presión (LPHBOT) al esquema terapéutico (azatriopina 2.5 mg/kg, ácido fólico y ácido acetilsalicílico). Después de 12 sesiones de LHBOT (60 min, 1,45 ATA ≈ 100% O2), las úlceras tuvieron una curación completa con un alivio significativo del dolor y no hubo recurrencia durante 16 meses. Se necesitan más estudios para determinar la eficacia de TOHB para el tratamiento del VL.
Subject(s)
Hyperbaric Oxygenation , Livedoid Vasculopathy , Thrombosis , Adult , Aspirin/therapeutic use , Female , Humans , Infant , Wound HealingABSTRACT
Abstract Livedoid vasculopathy (LV) is a cutaneous manifestation of several diseases that lead to non-inflammatory thrombosis of dermal vessels. We report the case of a 26-year-old female with a 4 years and 8 months-old history of diagnosis of LV and a non-healing ulcer of more than a year of evolution. Because of refractory response to standard care, low-pressure hyperbaric oxygen (LPHBOT) was added to the therapeutic scheme (azathiopine 2.5 mg/kg, folic acid and acetylsalicylic acid). After 12 sessions of LHBOT (60 min, 1.45 ATA ≈100% O2), ulcers achieved complete healing with significant pain relief and no recurrence was present over 6 months. More studies are necessary to determine the effectiveness of HBOT for LV treatment.
Resumen La vasculopatía livedoide (VL) es una manifestación cutánea de varias enfermedades que conducen a una trom bosis no inflamatoria de los vasos dérmicos. Se presenta el caso de una mujer de 26 años con antecedente de diagnóstico de vasculopatía livedoide de 4 años y 8 meses, además de una úlcera no cicatrizante de más de un año de evolución. Debido a la respuesta refractaria a la atención estándar, se añadió oxígeno hiperbárico a baja presión (LPHBOT) al esquema terapéutico (azatriopina 2.5 mg/kg, ácido fólico y ácido acetilsalicílico). Después de 12 sesiones de LHBOT (60 min, 1,45 ATA ≈100% O2), las úlceras tuvieron una curación completa con un alivio significativo del dolor y no hubo recurrencia durante 16 meses. Se necesitan más estudios para determinar la eficacia de TOHB para el tratamiento del VL.
ABSTRACT
The regulation on ship recycling at international and European Union (EU) level has transitioned from the realm of transboundary movement of wastes to a specialized regime, i.e., the Hong Kong International Convention for the Safe and Environmentally Sound Recycling of Ships (2009) (Hong Kong Convention). Although this convention is not in force yet, the principal features of it have been incorporated in EU Regulation 1257/2013 on ship recycling. This paper examines the rationale behind developing a ship recycling regime, its disassociation from wastes, and the departure from the main principles of transboundary movement of wastes, such as the proximity principle, reduction of transboundary movement of wastes, and the prior informed consent procedure. While acknowledging some of the positive features of the emerging ship recycling, it is submitted that the Hong Kong Convention and EU Regulation 1257/2013 on ship recycling represent a step back in the regulation of ship recycling.
